Published open-access by Elizabeth Pennisi in Science
Scientists are teasing out the benefits of intercropping, but getting the right mix of plants is key.
For thousands of years, small farmers have practiced milpa, a traditional farming system that dates back to the ancient Maya. This method, which involves intercropping maize, beans, and squash—known as the “Three Sisters”—has long been valued for improving crop yields. Scientists now understand how this synergy works: beans enrich the soil by fixing nitrogen, maize provides a structure for the beans to climb, and squash covers the ground, suppressing weeds and retaining moisture. However, new research suggests that milpa offers more than just improved yields—it may also play a crucial role in reducing plant pest damage.
