New Paper (2025): Marx’s concept of life

6 November 2025

New Paper (2025): Marx’s concept of life

In this paper, Chris Shambaugh presents a coherent view of Marx as the author of an integrated philosophical biology. He argues that between 1842 and 1844, Marx developed a structured and original account of organic, animal, and human life—an account that ultimately grounds the normative force of his early critique of capitalism. For Marx, life-activity […]

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